Ireland daily news Blog told by Donie

That’s one small step for man “One giant leap for mankind” 

Astronaut Neil Armstrong dies at 82

  

Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the Moon  has died at the age of 82.

A statement from Armstrong’s family said he died following complications resulting from cardiovascular procedures. It does not say where he died.

Armstrong commanded the Apollo 11 spacecraft that landed on the Moon on July 20 1969. He radioed back to Earth the historic news of “one giant leap for mankind”.

  He and fellow astronaut Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin spent nearly three hours walking on the Moon, collecting samples, conducting experiments and taking photographs. In all, 12 Americans walked on the Moon from 1969 to 1972.

Armstrong was a quiet, self-described nerdy engineer who became a global hero when as a steely nerved US pilot he made his “one giant leap for mankind” with a small step on to the Moon. In those first few moments on the Moon, during the climax of a heated space race with the then-Soviet Union, Armstrong stopped in what he called “a tender moment” and left a patch to commemorate Nasa astronauts and Soviet cosmonauts who had died in action. “It was special and memorable, but it was only instantaneous because there was work to do,” Armstrong told an Australian television interviewer this year.

“The sights were simply magnificent, beyond any visual experience that I had ever been exposed to,” Armstrong once said.

   The moonwalk marked America’s victory in the Cold War space race that began on October 4 1957 with the launch of the Soviet Union’s Sputnik 1, a satellite that sent shockwaves around the world.

Although he had been a navy fighter pilot, a test pilot for Nasa’s forerunner and an astronaut, Armstrong never allowed himself to be caught up in the celebrity and glamour of the space programme. “I am, and ever will be, a white socks, pocket protector, nerdy engineer,” he said in February 2000 in one of his rare public appearances. “And I take a substantial amount of pride in the accomplishments of my profession.”

Announcing his death, Mr Armstrong’s family said in a statement: “We are heartbroken to share the news that Neil Armstrong has passed away following complications resulting from cardiovascular procedures. Neil was our loving husband, father, grandfather, brother and friend. Neil Armstrong was also a reluctant American hero who always believed he was just doing his job. He served his nation proudly as a Navy fighter pilot, test pilot, and astronaut. While we mourn the loss of a very good man we also celebrate his remarkable life and hope that it serves as an example to young people around the world to work hard to make their dreams come true, to be willing to explore and push the limits, and to selflessly serve a cause greater than themselves.”

  Armstrong’s family statement continued: “For those who may ask what they can do to honour Neil, we have a simple request. Honour his example of service, accomplishment and modesty, and the next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the Moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink.”

Alzheimer’s hits women more severely than men

Researchers at the University of Hartfordshire performed a meta-study,

    

Alzheimer’s hits women more severely than men, even when both are in the same stage of the disease.

Researchers from the University of Hertfordshire discovered that men with Alzheimer’s consistently performed better than their women counterparts, across the five cognitive areas they examined.

Most remarkably, the verbal skills of women with Alzheimer’s are worse when compared to men with the disease, the Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology reports.

Researchers led by Keith Laws, professor of psychology at Hertfordshire, completed a meta-analysis of neurocognitive data from 15 published studies, which revealed a consistent male advantage on verbal and visuo-spatial tasks, and tests of both episodic and semantic memory.

Episodic memory is our ability to recall specific events of our past, accompanied by the feeling of remembering. Semantic memory is the other knowledge that we acquire which is purely factual without any personal feeling or history attached, according to a Hertfordshire statement.

“Unlike mental decline associated with normal aging, something about Alzheimer’s specifically disadvantages women. There has been some previous, but limited, evidence that women with Alzheimer’s deteriorate faster than men in the earlier stages of the disease,” said Law.

Further analysis of the study data showed that age, education level and dementia severity did not explain the advantage that men with the disease have over women with the disease.

Alzheimer’s disease, which damages memory, thinking, behaviour and emotion, is the most common form of dementia affecting 30 million people worldwide, with 4.6 million new cases being added every year.

Sales of daily newspapers in Ireland decline by 7.3% while Sunday titles down 8%

  

Newspaper sales in Ireland continue to decline for the first half of 2012, with the daily market shrinking 7.3 per cent and the Sunday market down 8 per cent, according to figures released by the Audit Bureau of Circulations.

Sales of The Irish Times fell 8.3 per cent in January-June 2012 compared with the same period in 2011. Its circulation stands at 92,565, down from 100,951, a drop of 8,386 copies. Some 90.7 per cent of the circulation is actively purchased.

The ABC Island of Ireland Report shows the Irish Independent’s circulation fell 6.1 per cent, with a year-on-year drop of 8,242 copies taking its circulation to 125,986.

The broadsheet edition continues to account for 30 per cent of the Irish Independent’s sales, while 89 per cent of its circulation was actively purchased.

Sales of the Thomas Crosbie Holdings-owned Irish Examiner fell 7.2 per cent to 40,245 copies, down 3,145 copies.

In the daily evening market, the Evening Herald saw its circulation fall 1.2 per cent to 61,179, while Thomas Crosbie Holdings’ Evening Echo endured a 12.3 per cent decline to 17,556.

The Sunday Independent reclaimed its position as the biggest-selling title, with a circulation of 238,798. This was down 6.6 per cent on the first half of 2011.

The Sunday World went back to being the second highest-selling title at a circulation of 226,932, down 8.1 per cent.

Elsewhere in the Sunday market, there was a steep fall for the Sunday Business Post, also part of the TCH group. Its circulation dropped 14.2 per cent and it now sells 41,040 copies.

Separate ABC figures show British-published newspapers also saw their Irish sales fall in the first half of the year.

The Sunday Times’s circulation performed better than most on a year-on-year basis and now stands at 106,113, down 4.1 per cent, while the Irish Daily Mail’s circulation was down fractionally at 50,780.

Among the redtops, the Sun dropped 9.3 per cent to 72,499, while the Mirror fell 7.3 per cent to 57,445. The Star has a circulation of 75,293 copies on the island of Ireland, down 13.5 per cent.

In the Sunday market, there were year-on-year boosts for the Sunday Mirror, which gained 16.4 per cent to 47,468, and the People, which rose 7.5 per cent to 20,271.

Both titles are likely to have picked up readers as a result of the closure of the News of the World in July 2011 following a spate of phone-hacking allegations against its reporters and editors.

However, the circulation of both the Sunday Mirror and the People went into reverse in the first half of 2012 compared with the second half of last year – a trend that can be explained by News International’s launch of the Sun on Sunday in February.

The Sun on Sunday sold an average of 82,329 copies in Ireland since its launch. However, its sales have decreased over the months, from 109,450 in February to 74,566 in June.

The UK edition of the Daily Star Sunday sells 28,664 copies in Ireland, up slightly on the first half of 2011, when it effectively replaced the Irish Daily Star Sunday, which ceased publication in January 2011.

The Irish Mail on Sunday, meanwhile, has a circulation of 108,981 copies, down 3.7 per cent.

The London Independent, which was withdrawn from sale in Ireland in July, had an average daily circulation of 812 copies in the Republic, while its sister title the Independent on Sunday sold an average of 1,280 copies, ABC figures show.

These circulations were too low to justify the costs of printing and distributing the paper in Ireland, the newspaper, owned by Alexander Lebedev, indicated earlier this summer.

The Irish Times Digital Edition had an audited circulation of 2,280 copies during the period, up 12 per cent on the second half of 2011, the first period for which audited figures are available.

The audited print circulation of The Irish Times includes 4,012 copies sold overseas.

Greenstar goes bust as €83.2m loans called in by seven banks

  

Greenstar recycling facility in Old Fassaroe, Bray, Co Wicklow, yesterday: the waste management group, Ireland’s biggest, was placed into receivership yesterday after a consortium of seven banks called in loans.

The biggest waste management company in Ireland Greenstar, was placed into receivership yesterday after a consortium of seven banks called in loans of €83.2 million.

This followed a breach in 2011 of the covenants attaching to the borrowings.

The decision by the banks to call in their loans resulted in the board of Greenstar appointing David Carson of Deloitte as receiver.

Mr Carson said the business would continue as a going concern with a view to effecting a trade sale. The company has 800 staff.

He said a number of parties had expressed an interest in acquiring the business.

“My initial priority is to engage with those who have already expressed an interest in acquiring the business of Greenstar and to identify other potential buyers,” Mr Carson said.

It is understood that NTR recently offered to acquire the loans off the banks at a significant discount but this was rejected by the lenders.

NTR was also owed €35.5 million by Greenstar, which racked up its debts through a number of acquisitions here during the boom years.

Irish-American businessman David McCourt and US billionaire Walter Scott were recently linked in reports with a joint bid for Greenstar along with US private equity firm Gores Groups.

Reports suggested they were willing to pay €50 million for the business, with the banks writing off the balance of their loans.

The syndicate of lenders comprises AIB, Bank of Ireland, Ulster Bank, HSBC, Barclays, Rabobank and Bank of Scotland (Ireland).

Greenstar has effectively been up for sale for the past two years.

Greenstar Holdings Ltd made a loss of €64.1 million in the year to the end of March 2011 compared with €11.9 million in the previous year.

Its revenues increased by €26.9 million due to the acquisition of two businesses.

The company took an impairment charge of €49.9 million in its 2011 accounts, and the net assets of the business were written down to €25.6 million as a result.

This resulted in the company breaching its debt covenants and meant the loans were immediately repayable to the banks.

NTR has written off its investment in Greenstar.

The board of Greenstar yesterday expressed its “disappointment at the unexpected move” taken by the lenders to demand immediate repayment of its facilities without “any prior indication or notice”.

“It is regrettable that they have chosen to take this action at this time in respect of a business that had not missed any scheduled repayments to its banks and was in a strong cash position to continue trading for the foreseeable future,” the board added.

Greenstar was founded in 1999 and serves 15,000 commercial customers and 80,000 households here.

It operates from 20 licensed sites across the State.

Its revenues have been under pressure in the downturn due to a reduction in waste volumes and reduced prices for landfill and commercial waste.

US Nurse throw’s away sibling’s transplant kidney meant for older sister

    

A nurse accidentally disposed of a kidney from a living donor a brother meant for older his sister at a US hospital

A nurse accidentally disposed of a kidney from a living donor at a US hospital which later suspended its kidney transplant programme.

The University of Toledo Medical Centre, Ohio, suspended the programme after the botched transplant earlier this month.

The Blade newspaper reported that a kidney donated by a man to his older sister was thrown away with medical waste in what experts described as a rare accident.

The Toledo-Lucas County health commissioner confirmed that a nurse disposed of the kidney.

A hospital official said doctors tried unsuccessfully for at least two hours to resuscitate the organ in an attempt to make it usable.

The hospital blamed “human error” and suspended two operating-room nurses.

It is unclear what happened to the intended kidney recipient.

donie's Ireland news Blog Friday

Hiqa raises concerns over the running of another Galway nursing home 

  

Health information and Quality Authority inspectors have raised serious concerns about the running of another private nursing home in Oranmore Co Galway.

In a report, the inspectors said they were very concerned about the inadequate response of Oranmore Nursing Home to allegations of abuse and its failure to take suitable and sufficient measures to protect one of the residents. Details of the allegations are not contained in the authority’s five inspection reports on the home.

Earlier this week it published inspection reports that found some residents at Owen Riff nursing home in Oughterard, Co Galway, had not had a bath or shower for a month. The Health Service Executive has taken over the running of this home.

While Oranmore Nursing Home has retained its registration, Hiqa inspectors criticised a lack of progress on improvements ordered in their previous reports.

They also expressed grave concern about an inadequate response to a serious medication error and measures to protect the safety of residents, and the provider was instructed to take immediate action on these issues, the third time it had received such a warning since last December.

The inspectors found that while progress had been made on some of the actions required on foot of previous reports, this was insufficient to allay their concerns or to meet the official regulations.

They said risk-managements systems were inadequate and identified a number of risks to residents that were not being managed. New staff had not received mandatory fire training or training in manual handling, and fire exits continued to be obstructed.

Some progress was noted in the management of restraint, patient falls and nutritional care but further improvements were required. Improvements were also required in arrangements to ensure staff were suitable to work in the centre and were trained properly.

In its response the home said all staff had been reminded to be extra vigilant for the possibility of abuse, and the director of care was undertaking additional supervision to protect residents from abuse. Staff had also been provided with fire training.

Meanwhile, a threat to deregister the Stella Maris Nursing Home in Athlone has been lifted after the owners made significant improvements to the premises and its operations. Last year Hiqa inspectors expressed serious concerns about the safety of residents at the home. They demanded the appointment of additional staff to meet concerns over fire safety, instructed the person in charge to improve her focus on management and stated that residents did not always receive timely access to healthcare.

However, in a report published yesterday, they said five out of six actions required by the authority had been carried out. The centre was described as warm and its staff as friendly and welcoming.

A separate report on Leopardstown Park Hospital in south Dublin was also positive. The operator was praised for delivering strong leadership and a high-quality service to residents, though the “institutional nature” of the building was criticised.

Eleven nursing homes have been closed on foot of inspections by Hiqa over the past two years.

Over one in five of Ireland’s mortgage holders in difficulty

        

Just over one in five 20%+ home loans was in some form of financial difficulty at the end of June, according to new figures on mortgage arrears from the Central Bank.

The figures include for the first time mortgages where borrowers have missed repayments for fewer than 90 days in addition to regularly reported figures on mortgage arrears of 90 days or more.

There were 168,637 owner-occupier mortgages, or just over 22 per cent of the 761,533 home loans in the State, either in arrears or which had been modified to help borrowers make some form of repayment at the end of June.

This was up from 162,572 or 21.3 per cent three months earlier.

In terms of the value of the debt, €30.5 billion or 27.2 per cent of the €112 billion outstanding in owner-occupier mortgages at banks in Ireland was in arrears or had been restructured, compared with €29.5 billion or 26 per cent in March.

The number of borrowers falling into arrears slowed in the second quarter, with arrears of 90 days or less falling to 45,165 mortgages at the end of June, down from 46,284 mortgages in March.

The Irish Banking Federation said the high rate of arrears reflected “the difficult economic circumstances in which an increasing number of customers find themselves” but noted that there had been a slowdown in the rate at which new customers were falling into arrears over a number of successive quarters.

“This easing in the pace at which new arrears cases are arising is welcome and we will look to future quarters for confirmation of the sustainability of this trend over time,” said the group.

Stockbroking firm Davy said the figures showed that the rate at which early-stage arrears converted into longer-stage arrears fell for the first time.

The percentage of mortgages in arrears of 90 days or more increased to 10.9 per cent, or 83,251 mortgages at June, compared with 10.2 per cent or 77,630 mortgages at the end of March.

Mortgages in arrears of 90 days or more or which had been restructured rose to 16.2 per cent, or 123,472 mortgages, at the end of June from 116,288 mortgages or 15.2 per cent three months earlier.

By value, the amount of mortgage debt in arrears of 90 days or more totalled €16.5 billion or 14.7 per cent of total owner-occupier mortgage debt, compared with €15.4 billion or 13.7 per cent of mortgages three months earlier.

Fianna Fáil finance spokesman Michael McGrath accused the Government and banks of failing to tackle the crisis in a meaningful way, saying they seemed “paralysed” by the scale of the problem.

The figures were “dismal”, a “personal crisis” for thousands of families and an economic crisis for the State, said Mr McGrath.

The Central Bank said it was continuing to monitor the progress of lenders on the roll-out of “new forbearance and loan modification techniques to provide longer-term and more sustainable solutions for customers in financial difficulty” before the year end.

Further details on these measures would be published early next year, the Central Bank said.

The number of properties in possession remained unchanged at 961 in June over the three-month period. The Central Bank said legal proceedings were issued to enforce on debt or security on a mortgage in 345 cases during the second quarter of the year.

Court proceedings concluded in 193 cases during the period and in 97 of these cases the courts granted orders for possession or sale of the property. During the three months, lenders took possession of 146 properties, 44 of which were repossessed on foot of a court order, while the remaining 102 properties were voluntarily surrendered or abandoned. There were 142 properties disposed of, leaving lenders in possession of 961 properties at the end of June.

Close ties with friends boost men’s mental health

  

Middle-age adults who have regular contact with a group of friends are psychologically better off than those who don’t, but when it comes to having close ties with many family members, men benefit more than women, a new study from England says.

The results of psychological tests show that people who had regular contact with 10 or more friends at age 45 had higher levels of well-being at age 50 than those with five or fewer friends. This was the case even when education levels, employment status and previous mental health issues were taken into account.

When the researchers looked at people’s relationships with family members (outside their own household), they found that men who had regular contact with fewer than 10 relatives had worse mental health than men with at least 10 close relatives. But in women, there was no link between psychological well-being and the number of family members a woman saw regularly.

While the reason women didn’t seem to benefit from a greater number of close family members is not entirely clear, it may be related to the negative effects of certain family relationships, the researchers said.

Among people of both genders, those who were in a relationship with a partner had higher numbers of relatives that people saw regularly. “It is possible that negative social exchanges within women’s social ties might have reduced any positive effects from [family relationships] built upon their partnership, as these have been found to be related to depression,” the researchers wrote in their article, published yesterday (Aug. 22) in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

The researchers looked at information from 6,500 people in England who were born in 1958, gathered as part of the National Child Development Study. Participants were asked how many friends and relatives they met up with at least once a month. They also answered questions about their education, job and partnership status, and took a psychological well-being test that scored their mental health on a scale from 14 to 70.

Results also showed that study participants tended to have more friends than family members that they saw regularly. While nearly 19 percent of men and 16 percent of women reported having no family members that they saw regularly, only 11 percent of participants reported having no friends.

People’s employment status did not affect the size of their social networks, but education did. Men with more education tended to have smaller groups of both friends and family members that they were close to; women with more education tended to have regular contact with fewer family members, but had more friends.

Among participants who reported having no close friends, women’s mental health suffered more than men’s. However, men’s well-being was also affected if they had no close relatives, whereas for women, a lack of close relatives had no effect, the researches said.

Diageo drink sales fall by 5% in 2011 as market declines

   

 Drinks company Diageo saw its sales fall by 5 per cent in Ireland last year, as consumers opted to drink less of the black stuff.

According to the London-headquartered group, while Guinness Draught and Smithwick’s grew their share of the on-trade, or pubs market, and Harp in the off-trade, “the beer market remains in decline” in Ireland.

This led to a 5 per cent decline in net sales in the year to the end of June, in comparison with an 8 per cent rise in global sales and an outperformance by emerging markets, where sales jumped 15 per cent.

These regions now account for almost 40 per cent of Diageo’s business.

A growing African taste for spirits plus demand for scotch in Latin America and Asia, particularly de-luxe brands in southeast Asia and China, boosted Diageo’s sales, while the company said performance in its established north American and western European markets improved from 2011.

“Europe’s performance improved in the year despite the macro backdrop. We’re achieving what we set out to achieve in Europe. I wouldn’t declare victory – I think it’s still going to remain to be a challenging environment,” chief financial officer Deirdre Mahlan said.

Pre-tax profits jumped 32 per cent to £3.1 billion (€3.9 billion) for the group, and, following its strong performance, Diageo is now set to raise its full-year dividend by 8 per cent to 43.5 pence per share.

Irish whiskey continues to sell well in Russia and eastern Europe, and Diageo noted that Bushmills saw growth of more than 30 per cent in the year. While Baileys saw “weak” sales in Europe, sales of the liquor jumped 26 per cent in Africa.

Back in Ireland, Diageo reported “strong double-digit top-line growth” in Ireland for its rum product, Captain Morgan.

In 2011 the group announced a significant restructuring of its Irish brewing operations, with the loss of 70 jobs. In 2012 this restructuring resulted in costs of £11 million, up from £10 million in 2011.

Diageo currently employs about 1,500 people in Ireland.

The group is believed to be eyeing the acquisition of a minority stake in Mexican tequila maker Jose Cuervo from its owners, the Beckmann family. Its long-term distribution deal with the brand ends in June 2013, and analysts estimate that the world’s best-selling tequila brand could be worth about $3.4 billion.

“We are continuing discussions with the Beckmann family given the end period for our distribution arrangement,

Galway has third highest public order offence list in Ireland

   

Gardaí on duty in Galway city. “I think in Galway a lot of the public order issues that happen come to our attention, but in other parts of the country that are harder to police more things would happen under the radar so they wouldn’t be in the crime figures,” says a senior Garda source

Geography, emigration, drug and alcohol consumption, and reduced Garda resources all play a part in the number of recorded public order offences

Quay Street in Galway city at the height of summer, there is little evidence that the recession has battered people’s disposable incomes or that the tourism sector is struggling.

The pubs are full to overflowing on a recent warm August Saturday night, and people are spilling on to the streets to enjoy their drinks. Tourists mingle with locals and the droves of hen and stag parties that have descended on the packed pubs.

Gardaí patrol the narrow city streets on foot and in Garda vans and cars.

Most pubs have hired security staff, manning the doorways to check who’s coming and going. The bouncers are watching to ensure people taking drinks outside have availed of the offer of a plastic glass from the bar.

Groups of younger men and women have clearly been on the go since earlier in the day, with more than a couple of drinkers the worse for wear by early in the evening.

But, overwhelmingly, the atmosphere is jovial, with little to indicate that Galway has one of the biggest public order crime rates in the State.

Crime figures broken down to Garda station level by the Central Statistics Office and the All-Island Research Institute at NUI, Maynooth, show that Galway recorded 4,363 criminal offences last year, making it the seventh busiest station nationwide in terms of recorded crime.

The figures do not offer a per capita breakdown.

Given the large size of the area policed by Galway, not to mention its city centre nature, it is perhaps not surprising that the main Garda station in the west is in the top 10 busiest in the State.

Of the total crimes recorded last year in Galway, 1,559 were classified as public order offences. That figure puts Galway third on the public order list, behind only the Dublin inner Garda stations of Pearse Street (2,237 public order offences) and Store Street (1,654), both of which police the busiest retail and nightlife districts in the State.

Nationally, public order crimes have fallen by 21 per cent since a peak of 61,822 offences in 2008. Assaults have fallen by 12 per cent since peaking in 2008, while criminal damage has tumbled by 21 per cent.

In Galway, some 36 per cent of all offences recorded last year were public order offences.

Gardaí say that part of the reason Galway records more public order offences than most other parts of the country is that the compact nature of the city centre means it is relatively easy to police for public order offences.

“The city itself is compact and it means you can cover a lot of it very well with a relatively small number [of gardaí],” said one senior source.

“I think in Galway a lot of the public order issues that happen come to our attention, but in other parts of the country that are harder to police more things would happen under the radar so they wouldn’t be in the crime figures.”

Other Garda sources and experts on crime point to the fact that the rate of public order crimes recorded by gardaí depends heavily on the extent to which gardaí prioritise the issue in local policing plans.

As one garda says: “If I’m in the square in Thurles and two guys have a fight and I arrest them, then that’s two crimes recorded. If I’m not there then I don’t make the arrests and that fight never happened.”

A reduction of two-thirds in the Garda’s overtime budget – from €155.5 million in 2007 to €54 million in the current year – and a drop in Garda numbers from 14,400 in early 2010 to 13,567 as of June 30th suggests there are fewer gardaí “in the square in Thurles” and that more public order crime is going undetected.

Demographics and emigration are also playing a part.

With young men the most likely group to become involved in public order offences, it seems certain that the reduction of 15 per cent in the male population aged 16-30 reflected in the latest census is feeding into the reduction in public order offences.

However, every Garda source who spoke to The Irish Times on the issue cited the same two factors as main drivers of public order crime: drink and drugs.

With the recession affecting young people’s budgets for socialising, drug crime has fallen 23 per cent since its peak in 2008. And the specific offence of possessing drugs for personal use has declined by 30 per cent in the same period.

According to figures compiled by the Alcohol Beverage Federation of Ireland, the consumption of alcohol has also fallen: from 14.4 litres per adult per year in 2001 to 13.5 by 2005 and 12 litres last year.

Says one Garda source: “There are definitely fewer people absolutely out of their brains and not knowing what they’re doing.”

Children born to older women have a better start in life, claims new study

 

• Nine-month-old had 9.5% risk of having accident if mother was 20 and 6.1% risk if mother was 40
• Children also more likely to have vital immunisation if mother was older
  • Children born to older mothers appear to have a healthier start in life as they are less likely to be admitted to hospital and more likely to have vital immunisation jabs, say researchers.
  • The study also found children with older mothers experienced faster language development and suffered fewer social and emotional difficulties before the age of five.
  • Researchers from University College London analysed data from more than 78,000 children born in England between 2000 and 2002. The mothers were between 13 and 57 years of age.

In developed countries, there has been a strong trend towards later childbearing. In England and Wales, the number of births to women 40 and over trebled from 1989 to 2009 to almost 27,000.

Although there has been substantial research on young mothers and childhood development, there is little evidence of any effects of older mothers.

So the team looked at outcomes including child weight, accidents, hospital admissions and language development.

Rates were adjusted for several factors, including child’s sex, age, birth weight, father’s age, family income and social class.

Results showed that both the risk of accidents and hospital admissions decreased with increasing maternal age.

The risk of a nine-month-old child with a 20-year-old mother having an accident was 9.5 per cent. This fell to 6.1% for a mother of 40 and the decline continued for three and five-year-olds.

Similarly, at nine months, the risk of a child with a 20 year old mother being hospitalised was 16 % which fell to 10.7% for a mother of 40.

Babies were also 98.1% likely to have had their immunisations if their mother was 40 compared to 94.6% if their mother was half that age.

The authors say that older mothers tend to be more educated, have higher incomes and be married – all factors which are associated with greater child well-being.

They concluded that the ‘findings are noteworthy given the continuing increase in average age at maternity’.