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Showing posts with label Bank loans. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Bank loans. Show all posts

Sunday, December 4, 2016

Donie's news Ireland daily BLOG update

Irish Tax trends show VAT is now the weakest link

Image result for Irish Tax trends show VAT is now the weakest link Image result for The latest Irish tax returns showed strong growth in tax revenues, led by better than expected corporation tax.

THE LATEST IRISH TAX RETURNS SHOWED STRONG GROWTH IN TAX REVENUES, LED BY BETTER THAN EXPECTED CORPORATION TAX.

The latest Exchequer returns for November show the State is well on track to hit its deficit forecast for the year, but with signs Brexit and sterling may be starting to have an impact.
VAT income in particular was coming in less strongly than expected.
As has been the trend, the latest returns showed strong growth in tax revenues, led by better than expected corporation tax. Total revenues this year were now €777m higher than profile, or expectations. Spending was coming in €784m below profile.
That leaves the Exchequer better off, with an excess of spending over income of €407m compared to €1.7bn last year.
Exchequer Returns to the end of November showed more tax had been paid this year than at the same time in 2015 across all four of the main areas.
As well as corporation tax coming in ahead, income tax ended November 5.9pc, or €978m, higher than at the same time last year.
However, VAT receipts closed November 6.6pc or €128m behind expectations. The Department of Finance said that was mainly accounted for by larger than expected repayments.
VAT receipts were now €413m below profile for the year to date, though in absolute terms up from last year. Excise duties recorded an expected shortfall of €24m in November, but were running just ahead of profile for the year.
“The trend in VAT receipts is a little concerning: these were 6.6pc behind profile in November, the final ‘due’ month of the year. VAT receipts are now €413m (-3.2pc) behind profile year-to-date, which might reflect the softer retail sales data in recent months,” David McNamara of Davy Stockbrokers said.
Meanwhile, the European Commission has said Ireland’s economic prospects remain bright, but warned of “clouds” on the horizon. The warning came following the conclusion of the sixth post-programme surveillance mission. The statement by the commission said: “GDP is expected to continue to grow, the future evolution of the activities of multinational enterprises remains uncertain and the external environment has become increasingly unpredictable, especially after the UK ‘leave’ vote.”

Ireland’s Central Bank denies turning away UK businesses

Image result for Ireland's Central Bank denies turning away UK businesses  Central Bank Governor Philip Lane has tweaked one of the levers of mortgage lending. Photo: Gareth Chaney / Collins
Cyril Roux, deputy governor & the Governor Philip Lane of the Central Bank of Ireland .

THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND’S CENTRAL BANK HAS NOT TRIED TO TURN ANY UK BANKS OR FIRMS OFF SETTING UP IN IRELAND IN THE WAKE OF THE BREXIT VOTE, ITS DEPUTY HEAD SAID YESTERDAY.

Cyril Roux, the deputy governor of the Central Bank, insisted that the regulator had not discouraged investment banking or trading in Dublin, contrary to recent reports.
The statement contradicts claims that Irish authorities had discouraged UK companies from relocating in the Irish Republic after Brexit because of regulatory concerns about how they would be policed.
But Mr Roux was adamant this was not the case. “I want to be clear… we do not have such a position,” he said.
“We have not sought to dissuade any such entities from seeking authorisation, nor are we planning to do so.”
However, he reiterated that the Republic’s Central Bank  would only allow new businesses into Ireland that have a “substantive presence” in the country. Mr Roux said the bank was not concerned about the arrival of major firms, but that smaller financial institutions may attempt to use Ireland as a convenient base within Europe, while the companies retain their real operations in the UK.
“The flagship firms are not a problem,” he added. “They don’t expect to bring a big balance sheet here and have a handful of people.
“There are some other firms of a different nature who believe you can just come here and nail a brass plate and rent a room and keep on doing everything from the UK. We have to tell them it’s not going to happen.
“The Irish financial sector is set to grow, and quite possible to a significant extent.
“The bank is committed to meeting the challenge.”

Ireland fifth in Europe for non-performing bank loans

RATIO AFFECTS BANK STRESS TESTS PERFORMANCES, WITH SME SECTOR HIGHEST AT 30%

Image result for Ireland fifth in Europe for non-performing bank loans  
The CEO of AIB Bernard Byrne (above left) said the bank’s NPL ratio was about 17.5%.
Ireland has ranked fifth among European states in terms of the ratio of non-performing loans (NPLs) held by its banks, according to a report by the European Banking Authority in London.
The analysis shows Ireland with an NPL ratio of just more than 20%, ranking fifth behind Cyprus, Greece, Portugal and Slovenia.
Across the board, the rate was 5.4% with Luxembourg the best in class with a figure of about 1.5%.
In Ireland, the ratio was worst for the SME sector at 30%, with large corporates at about 13% and households at 15%.
Ireland’s poor performance is clearly a factor of the crash of both the economy and property market from late 2008 onwards. The concentration of NPLs was one of the reasons why AIB and Bank of Ireland fared so badly in recent bank stress tests under the adverse scenario, in spite of both being back in profit and generating capital.
Potential improvements
The EBA said that while there are signs of potential improvements across Europe in terms of dealing with NPLs, asset quality is still weak compared to historical figures and other regions.
In its report, the EBA said action on NPLs was needed, including supervisory actions, structural reforms and development of secondary markets.
AIB chief executive Bernard Byrne told the Oireachtas finance committee last week that NPLs were a major focus of its regulators at the European Central Bank in Frankfurt. He said AIB’s ratio was about 17.5%.
The EBA also found that cyber attacks were on the rise and that banks are “struggling to demonstrate their ability to cope”.
“In this context, supervisory are focusing on IT-related risks including measures to fix rigid and outdated legacy IT systems, IT resilience, and governance and outsourcing,” it said.

As much as 9,300 plus patients on hospital trolleys last month in Ireland

WORST NOVEMBER FIGURES ON RECORD?

Image result for A lot of patients on hospital trolleys in Ireland  Image result for A lot of patients on hospital trolleys in Ireland

OVER 9,300 PATIENTS WERE LEFT WAITING ON IRELAND’S HOSPITAL TROLLEYS LAST MONTH? THE WORST NOVEMBER FIGURES EVER RECORDED, THE IRISH NURSES AND MIDWIVES ORGANISATION (INMO) HAS SAID.

Last month’s figures represent a staggering 99% increase when compared to November 2006, when 4,671 people were left waiting on trolleys. It is also a jump of 26% when compared to the same period last year, when 7,407 people were left on trolleys.
The worst affected hospitals last month included University Hospital Limerick (789), South Tipperary General Hospital (680), Cork University Hospital (648), Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital in Drogheda (607) and University Hospital Galway (594).
However, the news was not all bad. The overall trolley figures from January to November 2016, show a small reduction of 1% when compared to the same period last year. This is the first year a reduction during this period has been recorded since 2006.
Altogether, 85,731 patients were left waiting on trolleys in the first 11 months of this year, compared to 86,864 during the same period last year.
The waiting figures in the east reduced by 21%, with Connolly Hospital in Blanchardstown recording a 48% fall in its trolley waiting figures. However, many hospitals outside of Dublin recorded an increase, with the biggest jump – 162% – recorded in South Tipperary General Hospital.
The INMO said that overall, these figures are ‘very disappointing’, as they confirm that all of the measures taken to date to tackle this issue have failed to work.
“These figures are hugely disappointing, if not surprising, and confirm yet again that our health service cannot cope with the demands being placed upon it. The figures for November are particularly alarming as we enter the peak winter period, with the inevitable increased demand that takes place every year over the next three to four months,” commented INMO general secretary, Liam Doran.

Garda warning after gang target Donegal retailers in credit card scam

Image result for Garda warning after gang target Donegal retailers in credit card scam   Image result for credit card scams in ireland

GARDAƍ ARE WARNING RETAILERS TO BE ESPECIALLY VIGILANT AFTER A DUBLIN BASED GANG USED FALSE CREDIT CARDS AT A NUMBER OF STORES IN LETTERKENNY.

Crime Prevention Officer Sgt Paul Wallace told the Democrat today that the gang made off with thousands of euros worth of high end goods and cash in the scam yesterday evening.
“They used false credit cards to buy high value goods such as phones, laptops, tablets, designer watches and fragrances at a number of shops in Letterkenny on Friday evening. Another tactic they used was to ask for cashback,” he said.
Prevention is the key
Sgt Wallace appealed to shop owners to take a few minutes at the start of the day to ensure all their staff are familiar with the security protocols.
“The criminals are aware that many towns and villages are in the midst of their Christmas promotions. Shops are busy and there are a lot of inexperienced, seasonal staff doing their best.
“Taking ten minutes at the start of the day to go through all the security protocols can save a lot of anguish,” he advised.
Tips for debit and credit card security can be found at http://www.safecard.ie
Owners and staff are also advised to be extra wary if a customer they don’t know immediately asks to see the most expensive range of goods on offer, especially something that could be sold on very easily, or looks for a lot of cash back in addition to their card transactions.
Counterfeit notes in circulation.
In addition, Sgt Wallace warned that false notes, especially €50 and €20 notes, are in circulation.
Again, he said, there are some simple safety measures that can prevent a business being caught out.
“Go to the Central Bank website for guidelines on how to tell the difference between real notes and counterfeits, and ensure that your staff are familiar with these.
“We also recommend using a security light for cards and notes, as that’s the best way to reveal whether important security features are missing.
“There is a lot of helpful information easily available on how to prevent crimes such as these,” Sgt Wallace said. “They key thing is to ensure that you and your staff know about them and can spot such scams as they happen.”

‘We are at the most dangerous moment in the development of humanity’

So says, Stephen Hawking warns we are at risk of destroying Earth
Image result for 'We are at the most dangerous moment in the development of humanity'  Image result for dangerous moment in the development of humanity
  • Professor Hawking said people need to work together to tackle the issues
  • These include environmental threats like climate change and diseases
  • He also mentioned the dangers of people losing jobs to AI and robots
  • The physicist said we have technology capable of destroying the planet
We are living through the most dangerous time in the history of the human race, according to Professor Stephen Hawking.
The Cambridge University physics professor named overpopulation, climate change and diseases as just some of the threats facing our planet.
He said we have developed technology that could destroy Earth, and we must ‘retrain’ for a new world where robots have replaced many everyday jobs.
We are living through the most dangerous time in the history of the human race, according to Professor Stephen Hawking. The Cambridge University physics professor named overpopulation, climate change and diseases as just some of the threats facing our planet
Writing in a comment article in The Guardian, Professor Hawking explained what worries him about the future of our planet.
‘For me, the really concerning aspect of this is that now, more than at any time in our history, our species needs to work together,’ he said.
‘We face awesome environmental challenges: climate change, food production, overpopulation, the decimation of other species, epidemic disease, acidification of the oceans.
‘Together, they are a reminder that we are at the most dangerous moment in the development of humanity.
‘We now have the technology to destroy the planet on which we live, but have not yet developed the ability to escape it.’
‘Perhaps in a few hundred years, we will have established human colonies amid the stars, but right now we only have one planet, and we need to work together to protect it.’
The world-famous physicist has previously issued warnings to the world that robots could wipe out humanity and that leaving Earth is our only hope, and that our days on Earth are numbered,
Professor Hawking said life on Earth is at an ever-increasing risk of being wiped out by a disaster, such as a sudden nuclear war, a genetically engineered virus, or other dangers
In September the physicist warned our planet is becoming a dangerous place because of the threat of war or disease.
Our desire to create helpful digital assistants and self-driving vehicles could bring about our demise.
Professor Stephen Hawking warned that humanity faces an uncertain future as technology learns to think for itself and adapt to its environment.
Speaking at an event in London earlier this year, the physicist told the BBC: ‘The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.’
This echoes claims he made earlier in the year when he said success in creating AI ‘would be the biggest event in human history, [but] unfortunately, it might also be the last.’
He argues that developments in digital personal assistants Siri, Google Now and Cortana are merely symptoms of an IT arms race which ‘pale against what the coming decades will bring.’
But Professor Hawking noted other potential benefits of this technology could also be significant, with the potential to eradicate, war, disease and poverty.
‘Looking further ahead, there are no fundamental limits to what can be achieved,’ continued Professor Hawking.
‘There is no physical law precluding particles from being organised in ways that perform even more advanced computations than the arrangements of particles in human brains.’
‘I believe that life on Earth is at an ever-increasing risk of being wiped out by a disaster, such as a sudden nuclear war, a genetically engineered virus, or other dangers,’ he said.
‘I think the human race has no future if it doesn’t go to space.’
Professor Hawking made similar comments earlier this year while recording the BBC’s annual Reith Lectures on January 7.
The lecture explored research into black holes, and his warning was made during questions fielded by audience members.
When asked how the world will end, Hawking said that increasingly, most of the threats humanity faces come from progress in technology.
The scientist, who turned 74 this year, said the threats include nuclear war, catastrophic global warming and genetically engineered viruses.
‘We are not going to stop making progress, or reverse it, so we must recognise the dangers and control them,’ he said, speaking to Radio Times ahead of the lecture.
To get away from these threats, humankind will have to colonise other planets, which Hawking believes will take more than a century.
‘We will not establish self-sustaining colonies in space for at least the next hundred years, so we have to be very careful in this period,’ Hawking said.
In July, Professor Hawking and Tesla founder Elon Musk led 1,000 robotics experts in an open letter warning that ‘Autonomous weapons will become the Kalashnikovs of tomorrow’
‘The probable life span of human civilization is much greater if we’re a multi-planet species as opposed to a single-planet species,’ Elon Musk said last year.
‘If we’re a single planet species, then eventually there will be some extinction event,’ Mr Musk said.
His company SpaceX is working to send humans to space.
Last week the firm test fired one of its new Raptor ‘interplanetary transport engines’ which the company will use to carry astronauts to Mars.
This week the US Senate introduced a bipartisan bill that authorizes a new $19.5 billion (£15 billion) budget for Nasa to send a crew to the red planet, but mandated it must happen within the next 25 years
The rocket engine is three times more powerful than the one on the Falcon 9 rockets. It will ultimately be used to launch SpaceX’s manned spacecraft off our planet.
Mr Musk, chief executive of SpaceX, said the rocket will be ultimately capable of producing thrust of 690,000lbs over 382 seconds.
The engine is powered using liquid methane and liquid oxygen rather than the kerosene used in the Merlin engines of its Falcon 9 rockets.   

Tuesday, July 26, 2016

Donie's Ireland daily news BLOG

Some €200 billion to be invested in homes for sale and rent in Ireland

Some €200 million it to be put into an Infrastructure Housing Activation Fund in Ireland aimed at opening up large sites in areas where people need homes.

This is to relieve critical infrastructural blockages to allow for the delivery of homes on key sites and to improve the economic viability and purchaser affordability of new housing projects and deliver 20,000 new homes by 2020.
The Irish Government has also announced under its Housing Action Plan that €5.35 billion will be allocated to the development of social housing with the aim of building 47,000 more social housing units by 2021.
There will also be changes to planning to allow large scale residential development planning applications to be fast tracked. The Government said it will legislate to allow for larger housing development applications of 100 plus units to be made directly to An Bord Pleanala, the country’s independent planning body.
An Bord Pleanala is also set to prioritise the determination of all planning appeals for large scale developments. This is to be done within an 18 to 20 week period and the roll-out of e-planning is also being looked at.
The action plan also includes increasing the supply of home to rent and support for a stable rental sector. A national policy for appropriate on and off-campus accommodation for students will also be developed.
The Housing Agency will be allocated €70 million to acquire suitable portfolios of vacant properties to be let under a national vacant housing reuse strategy. A register of vacant properties across the country will be drawn up and the planning rules for change of use of vacant commercial units to a residential units will be reviewed.
However, according to the Society of Chartered Surveyors Ireland (SCSI) critical skills shortages across all sectors of the housing market in Ireland will urgently need to be addressed to deliver the scale of housing delivery needed.
Claire Solon, SCSI president, said that a National body with real authority and mandate is needed not just for housing, but also for national infrastructural planning. ‘It’s clear from the Action Plan that in several areas, it’s the need for projects like road completions, or water and drainage schemes that are actually preventing the delivery of housing,’ she pointed out.
‘The industry has shown itself be to resourceful following many difficult years, but there needs to be significant investment now to address the skills shortage in all sectors, professional, technical and trades,’ she explained.
‘We will be asking the Minister of Finance to specifically resource our sector in the upcoming Budget for training of apprentices, graduates and to help encourage workers from other sectors to transfer to construction and property roles. The industry plays a vital role in our economy and after many years of underinvestment, negative reporting and poor output, it needs radical intervention to upscale and deliver what could be one of the most important development stages in the history of our country,’ she added.
The SCSI also believes that the rental sector needs radical legislative overhaul to develop a more mature, stable relationship between landlords and tenants, with security of tenure and responsibilities clearly defined.
‘Renting was previously a stepping stone between living with your parents and home-ownership, but for some, renting is a strategic choice; giving them flexibility and the freedom to move. Our members are embedded in the rental and property management services sector and will contribute their expertise to develop new policy which better captures the wants and needs of all parties,’

Meanwhile: –

Cash only house sales in Ireland reach 60% of total transactions for 2013-14

CENTRAL BANK REPORT SHOWS THAT SALES TO CASH BUYERS NOW AT LEVELS LAST SEEN IN THE EARLY 2000’S

   

NEARLY 60% OF HOUSE SALES WERE BY CASH BUYERS IN 2013 AND 2014 ACCORDING TO A REPORT BY THE RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY SECTOR IN IRELAND QUARTERLY.

Almost 60% of house purchases were by cash buyers in 2013 and 2014, according to a research paper by the Central Bank.
It said that the number of cash transactions in the market had now returned to levels seen in the early 2000’s.
The report said the increase in the share of cash buyers over the past couple of years reflected a number of factors, including the fall in the number of mortgages drawn down and low levels of residential construction.
The authors estimated that the current volumes of cash-only sales were “not entirely out of step with equivalent volumes in the early 2000s, albeit that cash buyers in prior years were operating in a more competitive, vibrant market”. They found that 23,000 properties were bought for cash in 2013 and 29,000 in 2014.
While cash buyers had increased as a proportion of total transactions, the report said this also reflected the reduction in the volume of mortgage-based transactions.
In total, the authors – Dermot Coates and Joe McNeill of the Central Bank and Brendan Williams of UCD – estimated that there were over 150,000 transactions at the peak of the market in 2006, falling to 25,000 in 2010. The total rose to around 50,000 in 2014. This still represented only around 2 per cent of the total housing stock – around half the turnover of 4 per cent in a normally functioning market.

LUMP SUMS.

The report’s authors noted the composition of the cash-buyer cohort had changed.
The term cash buyer can potentially include older households opting to downsize, private investors using property as an alternative to low-yield deposits and those in receipt of pension lump sums.
“Whilst it is true that cash sales have been a feature of this market for many years, in more recent times we have seen a greater role being played by institutional and international investors including acquisitions by speculative international asset management groups,” said the report.
“This change will also have implications for cross-border funding flows into Ireland.”

Online Irish passport renewals set to start early in 2017 says Passport Office

PASSPORT OFFICE SAYS ALL IRISH CITIZENS WILL BE ABLE TO RENEW FROM ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD

    

CURRENTLY NO PASSPORT APPLICATIONS CAN BE PROCESSED ONLINE WITH THE MAJORITY BEING MADE BY POST.

Irish citizens will soon be able to renew their passports online from anywhere in the world under a new service to be introduced shortly.
The Department of Foreign Affairs has confirmed plans for an online applications service, which forms part of a major €18.6 million reform programme announced for the passport service late last year.
It is envisaged that a service allowing for passport renewals could be in operation as early as the first quarter of 2017 with the roll-out of a full service available for all applicant types by early 2019.
The department recently issued two request-for-tender notices for technology solutions to facilitate the new online application process.
The move comes as the Passport Office was recently forced to take on hundreds of additional temporary staff to deal with a sharp rise in applications in the wake of Britain’s vote to leave the European Union.

INCREASE IN APPLICATIONS?

The Passport Office saw a 10% increase in applications for the period January to June with numbers spiking recently as British citizens eligible for an Irish passport rushed to apply for them following the Brexit vote.
While Brexit led to a rush of applications, demand had been climbing in the years before the vote. The number of passports issued jumped from 388,000 in 2000 to 670,000 last year. More than half of all applications received annually are from citizens wishing to renew their passports.
Currently, no passport applications can be processed online with the majority being made by post.
Some €4 million was secured in Budget 2016 to help the Department of Foreign Affairs achieve its aim of reshaping how Irish passports are delivered and ensuring better security.
A new credit-card style passport card was introduced that is valid for travelling to 30 European countries. The card, which can be processed online, is open to citizens with a valid passport book at a cost of €35.
The department recently warned of the need for urgent changes to the passport application system as concern about fraud has increased. Briefing notes produced for Minister for Foreign Affairs Charlie Flanagan and seen byThe Irish Times last month urged investment in the latest anti-fraud technology and techniques to protect the “integrity and international standing of the Irish passport”.
The department said in the note that the Irish passport had become a “preferred device for money-laundering and other criminal activities”.

In case you’ve forgotten, the world is scheduled to end this Friday??????

      

WITH A GLOBAL EARTHQUAKE SOFTENING US ALL UP BEFORE A REALLY ANGRY JESUS COMES BACK TO WIPE OUT HIS CREATION.

Well, unless you’re a devout Christian who watches a lot of YouTube videos – in which case you’ll be off to play harp on a cloud with your grandpa!
So, in other words, the end of the world IS coming and just not on Friday?
But questions have now been raised about a video predicting the end of the world this Friday (which has been watched four million times) – with apocalypse believers claiming that their video has been ripped off and re-uploaded.
John Preacher of Armageddon news said, ‘Someone is re-uping our videos and saying that the end of the world is July 29th. Nothing is going to happen on July 29th. We have never claimed such a thing, this date is just another false date being promoted online.
‘We in no way promote that anything will happen on July 29th. There are a number of prophecies which must be fulfilled first, including the conquest of Jerusalem by the surrounding Arab nations, which lasts for 42 months (Rev 11:2), before the Second Coming and global earthquake/reeling occurs.
This prediction, by End Time Prophecies, is just one of several doomsday prophecies for this year – including that an asteroid would hit us on May 6 (it didn’t), and a prediction that Barack Obama would reveal he is the Antichrist in June (he didn’t).
This one is studded with Bible verses, and a lot of very dubious science – as well as some truly awesome CGI graphics.
End Times Prophecies says – in that computer voice favoured by all good YouTube nutters, ‘This is Armageddon News. In this broadcast we’ll discuss the second coming of Jesus Christ, which occurs at the same time as a magnetic polar flip and catastrophic global earthquake.
‘On the day which Jesus returns, there will be a polar reversal.
There was a violent earthquake, and the Sun became black like coarse black cloth, and the moon turned completely
‘The stars fell down to the Earth, like ripe figs falling from the tree when a strong wind shakes it. Every mountain and island is moved from its place.
The polar flip will make the stars race across the sky, and the vacuum createrd by the reeling of the Earth will pull the atmosphere along the ground, trying to catch up.
‘The global earthquake will be so bad that every hill and mountain will crumble
Revelations 6:15 says, ‘The kings of the Earth, the Princes, the commanding officers, the rich, the strong and every slave and free person hid themselves… from the face of him who sits on the throne and from the wrath of the Lamb.’

Scientists in race to test CRISPR gene-editing technique on cancer

FIRST HUMAN TRIALS ARE PENDING

      

THE COMPUTER GRAPHIC ABOVE DEPICTS THREE T CELLS (WHITE) ATTACHED TO A CANCER CELL.

Kelly Crowe is a medical sciences correspondent for CBC News, specialising in health and biomedical research. She joined CBC in 1991, and has spent 25 years reporting on a wide range of national news and current affairs, with a particular interest in science and medicine.
A novel gene-editing technique with potential to revolutionise cancer treatment has scientists in a race to test it on humans.
As the scientific journal Nature announced last week: “Chinese scientists to pioneer first human CRISPR trial.”
But wait. On the same page, there’s a link to another story from a month ago: “First CRISPR clinical trial gets green light from U.S. panel.”
So who will be first in the race to use CRISPR in humans — the U.S. or China? And what are they using CRISPR to do?
If you haven’t heard about CRISPR yet then all of this might seem  underwhelming. But for scientists like Jason Moffat, at the University of Toronto, it’s amazing news.
“That’s fast,” he said. “They’re pushing the technology really hard.”
“That’s fast. They’re pushing the technology really hard.” – Jason Moffat, University of Toronto
CRISPR is a revolutionary genetic editing technique that has been rocking the world of biology ever since researchers first realized they could use it to edit the genome of any species with ease and precision never possible before.
CRISPR gene-editing tool has scientists thrilled — but nervous
At U of T, Moffat is using CRISPR to identify the set of genes that are essential for cell survival.
“It gives you the tools to ask questions about what things are doing that we could never do before,” he said. “It’s really exciting.”
Scientists are now using CRISPR in a range of wild experiments. They’ve already designed a mechanism that could wipe out mosquitoes. And they’re also toying with using it to bring the woolly mammoth back to life.
It’s a tool so powerful, it could be used to permanently alter the human genome in a way that could be passed on to future generations.
Earlier this year, scientists from around the world gathered for an unprecedented summit in Washington, D.C., and agreed to avoid using CRISPR for human genetic engineering

CRISPR AGAINST CANCER

But what can CRISPR do in research on cancer? That’s the question that will be asked in these human trials.

 CRISPR IS NOT A THERAPY ON ITS OWN. IT’S A TOOL.

But because of its precision, researchers are hoping it will be able to make genetic edits that are more effective than the traditional gene-editing techniques, to trigger a patient’s immune system to kill cancer cells.
‘These first tests, if done properly, are going to pave the way for how to use CRISPR to treat disease,’ says University of Toronto cancer researcher Jason Moffat. (CBC)
Both the U.S. and the Chinese teams intend to use CRISPR in similar ways, but on different cancers. The Chinese will target non-small-cell lung cancer; the U.S. team will work on melanoma, sarcoma and myeloid cancers.
They will harvest a type of immune cell, known as T cells, from a patient’s blood and then use CRISPR to tinker with a particular gene in a way that will activate the T cells to attack cancer cells. And then they will put the CRISPR-ed cells back into the patient’s body to destroy tumours.
“These first tests, if done properly, are going to pave the way for how to use CRISPR to treat disease,” said Moffat.
What risks getting lost in the excitement over these first CRISPR trials is the sobering fact that it might not work. There is the ever-present risk of unintended consequences, including CRISPR’s tendency to make unpredictable genetic edits in unwanted places.
And experiments to genetically alter cells and reprogram the immune system are inherently risky. There’s a danger of triggering a catastrophic immune response known as a cytokine storm that can fatally overwhelm the body. And by unleashing T cells against cancer, it’s also possible they’ll start attacking normal tissue, too.
Gene therapy tragedy in 1999.
In this illustration of CRISPR-CAS9, the Cas9 nuclease protein (white) uses a guide RNA (pink) sequence to cut DNA (green).
For years, the entire field of gene therapy was haunted by an experiment that went tragically wrong in 1999. That’s when an Arizona teenager died suddenly, after volunteering to be part of a gene therapy trial to correct a genetic defect that, in his case, was not life-threatening. Many believe the death set back gene therapy research for years.
And last month, a clinical trial testing the same T cell approach, but without using CRISPR, was shut down by the FDA after several patients died. The trial has since been allowed to resume.
The Chinese scientists have secured all the necessary approvals and are scheduled to begin their trial using CRISPR-edited cells in 10 lung cancer patients next month. The U.S. team still needs FDA approval, and they expect to start their trial on 18 patients later this year.
Another caveat: These are Phase 1 trials only. That means the scientists are studying toxicity and side-effects and basic biological responses. Even if all goes well, the trials to see if the approach actually works against cancer are still many years away.