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Showing posts with label technology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label technology. Show all posts

Sunday, November 6, 2016

Donie's Ireland daily news BLOG update.

Irish Patients suffer as our hospital queues grow longer & reach a record high

Image result for Irish Patients suffer as our hospital queues grow longer & reach a record high   Image result for people waiting to see a specialist, a rise of 700   Image result for Hospital waiting lists have reached yet another all-time high
Minister Simon Harris

HOSPITAL WAITING LISTS HAVE REACHED YET ANOTHER ALL-TIME HIGH WITH MORE THAN 535,000 PUBLIC PATIENTS NOW IN A QUEUE FOR TREATMENT OR AWAITING INVESTIGATION FOR A POTENTIALLY SERIOUS ILLNESS.

Despite months of promises from the Government to tackle waiting lists, the suffering goes on for many very ill patients.
Many of these desperately need an operation, diagnostic procedure or appointment with a specialist.
Newly released figures for October reveal the extent of the crisis and show that nearly 27,000 more patients are now on hospital waiting lists since Health Minister Simon Harris took office.
The HSE said yesterday that 416,000 people who had appointments to see a specialist last year did not turn up.
But it failed to say how many of these patients, whose condition was serious enough to be referred by their GP, died while they were waiting or had to pay for a private appointment and even though they may have had to get into debt to do so.
The latest figures show 78,621 are waiting for an operation, up by 1,000 compared to September.
While there was a fall of around 3,000 in patients in this surgical queue for more than a year, the longest waiters – those waiting beyond the target time of 15 months – actually grew.
There is now a record 438,931 people waiting to see a specialist, a rise of 700 compared to September. In another worrying trend, the number of patients waiting longest for one of these appointments past 15 months jumped by 2,000.
Despite funding being targeted at reducing the queue of people needing an endoscopy procedure, an invasive test for conditions including cancer, the drop of 700 was marginal.
It still leaves a staggering 17,984 waiting to find out if they have a serious illness.
There was no statement on the figures from Mr Harris, but the HSE again pointed to the growing influx of patients who are attending hospitals.
Hospitals increased the number of inpatient and day case surgery by 4% this year but they cannot keep pace with demand, while emergency departments are seeing a 5% rise in patients compared to last year.
It said progress is being made in reducing the numbers of patients waiting more than 18 months for surgery.
It is now recruiting what it termed “improvement leads” which will involve putting some existing consultants in a HSE-funded post to drive the campaign to try to bring the waiting lists under control.
The National Treatment Purchase Fund is to get €20m in 2017 to outsource some patients who have been waiting longest to hospitals with spare capacity. But this is unlikely to mean any dramatic improvement.

Meanwhile:

More trouble as Junior doctors are the latest group to threaten strike action

IT’S PART OF A DISPUTE OVER A ‘LIVING OUT ALLOWANCE’.

Image result for Irelands HSE Junior doctors are the latest group to threaten strike action Image result for Irelands HSE Junior doctors are the latest group to threaten strike action   Image result for Irelands HSE Junior doctors are the latest group to threaten strike action

JUNIOR DOCTORS ARE THE LATEST PUBLIC SECTOR PAY WORKERS TO THREATEN INDUSTRIAL ACTION IN A DISPUTE OVER A ‘LIVING OUT ALLOWANCE’.

Non-Consultant Hospital Doctors have been in an ongoing dispute with the government over the withdrawal of the €60-a-week payment in 2012.
The Irish Medical Organisation represents the junior doctors and claims that the living out allowance was not paid despite it being part of a contract with employers.
A High Court case against the government is pending over the dispute and negotiations are set to resume next week.
Despite this, the IMO has come out to say that it will support junior doctors should they decided to go on strike over the dispute.
Speaking this evening, IMO president Dr John Duddy says that the government’s pay policies are already leading to a shortage of doctors.
“We already have too few doctors in this country to deliver adequate services to patients yet government have consistently ignored the fact that if you breach contracts and deliberately create a policy that disrespects and devalues doctors they will simply choose to work for countries that value them,” he says.

Financial crisis threatens Ireland’s Institutes of Technology

Image result for Financial crisis threatens letterkennys Institutes of Technology  Image result for letterkenny Institute of Technology

THE VIABLE FUTURE OF UP TO 10 OF THE 14 INSTITUTES OF TECHNOLOGY ACROSS IRELAND IS BEING QUESTIONED IN A REVIEW BY THE HIGHER EDUCATION AUTHORITY.

A financial review of the Institutes of Technology (ITs) across Ireland has pointed to significant financial deficiencies.
It describes six of the ITs – Letterkenny, Tralee, Galway-Mayo, Waterford, Dundalk and Cork – as vulnerable.
The review also points to risks facing the ITs in Athlone, Limerick, Tallaght and Dublin, particularly in relation to financial reserves and projected deficits.
‘The increase in Ireland’s young population is the envy of other countries – new energy, new ideas and a critical mass of educated young people will give Ireland a social, cultural and competitive edge’
Across Ireland, there are more than 87,000 students studying at the various ITs. This includes over 66,000 full-time undergraduates, 13,000 part-time undergraduates, 1,400 remote undergraduates and 3,000 full-time postgraduates.
The purpose of the review by the Higher Education Authority (HEA) was to assess the financial health of the ITs across Ireland, and involved site visits to the 14 campuses.
The HEA noted a reduction of 34pc in support for the education sector between 2008 and 2015, as well as an increase of 24pc in student numbers, which has led to an existential crisis for the educational institutes.
HEA review paints a bleak picture
The overall reserves held by the ITs fell from €132.5m to €78.7m over the period, wiping out 40% of the finance available to underpin ongoing sustainability and future development.
The cash flow position across the sector is a major concern, with a decline in the cash balances held by ITs, from €218.1m in August 2013 to €147m in August 2016. A further fall is anticipated, to €116m by August 2017.
At an aggregate level, the sector is in deficit and this trend is projected to continue over the next five years.
Pay costs still account for between 72.5% and 80% of total IT expenditure, despite core staffing levels falling by 12% between 2008 and 2014. The absence of flexibility to redeploy staff or introduce new work arrangements (for part-time or online study, for example) is a significant factor in financial performance.
The campus environment has been adversely impacted, as there has been no funding available for capital investment.
The HEA said that while growth in science and ICT education provision is encouraging, it is constrained by existing capacity. Targeted capital investment, aimed at reinforcing the technological mission of the sector, has the potential to generate a significant impact.
The remedy is in sight but needs to be acted upon
“The announcement of increased funding for higher education in Budget 2017 and a three-year commitment to further investment marks an important turning point for the sector, but this review demonstrates the scale of the challenge that remains,” said Dr Anne Looney, (below picture) interim CEO of the HEA.
Image result for Anne Looney, interim CEO of the HEA.  “We now have comprehensive evidence of the current financial challenges being faced by many ITs, and the capacity constraints which will limit their ability to meet the expected growth in student demand in coming years.
“While it is a review of the impact of past cuts, it’s a report with an eye to the future, and the provision of higher education across the country for young people still in school who will expect to go to college in the next decade.
“The increase in Ireland’s young population is the envy of other countries – new energy, new ideas and a critical mass of educated young people will give Ireland a social, cultural and competitive edge. The Institute of Technology sector has its origins in the 1962 report, Investment in Education, and since the first doors opened in 1970, [it has] been critical to Ireland’s economic and social development.
“If they are to continue to do this, we have work to do to put them on a sustainable footing.
“The HEA has set out a clear action plan to address the issues, both financial and otherwise, identified in the report, while it is also about to embark on a comprehensive review of the funding approach for higher education institutions, which will also take into account the findings,” Looney said.
LIT president urges immediate action
“It must be said that there is a stark reality at the heart of this review,” said the president of Limerick Institute of Technology (LIT), Prof Vincent Cunnane.
“It clearly demonstrates serious underfunding of higher education in Ireland, and points to a set of actions which must be undertaken to address the situation.”
Cunnane said that despite the ingenuity and commitment demonstrated by the ITs during the financial crisis that engulfed Ireland, the inescapable conclusion is that prompt action is needed if Ireland is to field the skilled graduates needed to sustain the growth in jobs recently seen in the past year.
“LIT has invested in our capital infrastructure, our stock of industry-standard equipment and facilities to ensure that our graduates have practical experience at the cutting edge,” Cunnane said.
“This was challenging in times when state investment in higher education has dried up completely.
“Nonetheless, we invested our own resources sensibly in targeted areas such as precision engineering, which will provide the optimum benefit to the economy and the optimum job prospects to our graduates.
“We have also been able to navigate many of the challenges facing higher education in Ireland by prudent management of our finances over the last number of years.
“This has meant that we are not now subject to the severe financial difficulties besetting some areas of the higher education sector in Ireland.  However, the longer this funding situation remains unresolved, the less able the Irish higher education system will be to cater for the state’s needs, including the demands of our population to progress to higher education.
“The reality is that the core challenges identified in the report are the same as those identified in the Cassells report last July, among others.
“It is fair to say that the diagnosis of the issues facing higher education in Ireland is now done, and we must move without delay to implementing the remedy,” Cunnane warned.

Ireland’s win against the All Blacks after a historic 111 year wait.

IRELAND 40-29 NEW ZEALAND

Image result for Ireland's win against the All Blacks after a historic 111 year wait.  Image result for Ireland's win against the All Blacks after a historic 111 year wait.  Image result for Ireland's win against the All Blacks after a historic 111 year wait.
Tries: Murphy, Stander, Murray, Zebo, Henshaw Cons: Sexton 2, Carbery Pens: Sexton 2, Murray 1
Tries: Moala, Perenara, B Smith, S Barrett Cons: B Barrett 3 Pen: B Barrett
Ireland produced a stunning display to record a first ever win over New Zealand at the 29th attempt and end the All Blacks’ run of 18 straight wins.
Tries from Jordi Murphy, CJ Stander and Conor Murray helped the Irish to a 25-8 half-time lead, then Simon Zebo scored his side’s fourth try in the corner.
The world champions fought back to move to within four points but Robbie Henshaw’s late try ensured the victory.
The sides will meet in another Test match in Dublin in two weeks’ time.
This was Ireland’s first success over the Kiwis in 111 years and it came about in sensational fashion as Joe Schmidt’s men repelled a stirring second-half comeback by Steve Hansen’s side.
TJ Perenara, Ben Smith and Scott Barrett added to George Mola’s first-half try for the New Zealanders but despite some sustained late pressure, they fell short for the first time in their past 19 encounters with top-tier nations.
The match was the first of four autumn internationals for both sides, played in front of a capacity crowd of 60,000 at Soldier Field in Chicago, a venue chosen in an attempt to increase the exposure of the sport.
The teams will meet again at the Aviva Stadium in a fortnight after Ireland host Canada next Saturday and Steve Hansen’s side face Italy in Rome on the same day.

IRELAND FIRED BY THE ANTHONY FOLEY MEMORY.

From the start, the Irish effort appeared to be fuelled by the memory of former international and Munster head coach Anthony Foley, who died suddenly last month.
Image result for The number 8 Anthony Foley rugby shirt Prior to kick-off Ireland lined up in the shape of a number eight, the jersey worn with distinction by Foley for many years, while their opponents performed their traditional pre-match haka.
Ireland made light of the aura of invincibility surrounding the three-time world champions in a first half which they mostly dominated to go in 17 points to the good at the break.
Schmidt’s side produced a performance of accuracy, purpose, pace and skill as they denied the All Blacks quality possession and repeatedly frustrated their efforts to win their own line-outs.
The Irish display bore echoes of the Test between the sides in Dublin in November 2013 when they built up a 19-0 lead, before ultimately losing 24-22 after conceding a last-gasp converted try, but there was to be no repeat of that outcome this time.
New Zealand prop Joe Moody was sent to the sin-bin for a tip tackle
Moala raced through for a fifth-minute try after Waisake Naholo had carved a way through the Ireland defences but the turning point of the opening period came when front-rower Joe Moody was yellow-carded for a tip tackle on Robbie Henshaw.
Ireland made good use of the prop’s 10-minute absence as Murphy rumbled over after a rolling maul and then fellow flanker Stander surged over the line following a break by Rob Kearney.
Murphy was subsequently carried off after turning his knee in a freak incident but seven minutes before the interval Murray produced a moment of magic, darting through a gap in the New Zealanders’ defence to run in his third try in five Tests against the Rugby Championship winners.
The All Blacks’ half-time deficit equalled their biggest ever at that stage of an international match and Ireland held out in a thrilling second half.
The Irish momentum continued on the resumption, their relentless defensive efforts thwarting the normally ruthlessly efficient All Blacks, and Zebo increasing the advantage by touching down in the corner.
Replacement Perenara reduced the arrears by diving over near the posts and then full-back Smith managed to ground the ball beside the flag before being tackled into touch by Andrew Trimble.
Scott Barrett took advantage of some poor Ireland tackling to score on his international debut and when brother Beauden knocked over his third conversion of the game, the All Blacks trailed by just four.
Ireland continued to defend heroically however, forcing their opponents into a series of uncharacteristic errors, and a historic triumph was assured when Henshaw showed raw strength to score under the posts after Jamie Heaslip broke clear.

THE TEAMS THAT LINED UP .

Ireland: R Kearney (Leinster); A Trimble (Ulster), J Payne (Ulster), R Henshaw (Leinster), S Zebo (Munster); J Sexton (Leinster), C Murray (Munster); J McGrath (Leinster), R Best (Ulster), T Furlong (Leinster); D Toner (Leinster), D Ryan (Munster); CJ Stander (Munster), J Murphy (Leinster), J Heaslip (Leinster).
Replacements: S Cronin (Leinster), C Healy (Leinster), F Bealham (Connacht), U Dillane (Connacht), J van der Flier (Leinster), K Marmion (Connacht), J Carbery (Leinster), G Ringrose (Leinster).
New Zealand: B Smith; W Naholo, G Moala, R Crotty, J Savea; B Barrett, A Smith; J Moody, D Coles, O Franks; P Tuipulotu, J Kaino; L Squire, S Cane, K Read (capt).
Replacements: C Taylor, O Tu’ungafasi, C Faumuina, S Barrett, A Savea, TJ Perenara, A Cruden, M Fekitoa
Ireland’s remaining 2016 autumn internationals
12 November v Canada    Aviva Stadium, Dublin     19:15 GMT
19 November v New Zealand    Aviva Stadium, Dublin   17:30 GMT
26 November v Australia    Aviva Stadium, Dublin  17:30 GMT

Canada investigates mysterious ‘pinging’ sound in a canal of water on sea floor

HUNTERS IN THE REMOTE CANADIAN ARCTIC CONCERNED ABOUT SOUND THAT IS SCARING ANIMALS AWAY

Image result for Canada investigates mysterious ‘pinging’ sound in a canal of water on sea floor  Image result for Canada investigates mysterious ‘pinging’ sound in a canal of water on sea floor  The sound has been heard in Fury and Hecla Strait, around 75 miles (120 kilometres) northwest of the hamlet of Igloolik

(LEFT) THE SEA ICE IN THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE NEAR NUNAVUT IN THE CANADIAN ARCTIC.

The Canadian armed forces have sent a crew to investigate reports of a mysterious “pinging” sound that seemed to be coming from the sea floor.
Hunters in a remote community in the Canadian Arctic have become concerned about a pinging or beeping sound they say they’ve been hearing in the Fury and Hecla Strait, a channel of water that’s 120 km north-west of the Inuit hamlet Igloolik.
Paul Quassa, a local politician, told CBC that the sound seems to be coming from the sea floor, and is scaring animals away from a popular hunting area of open water surrounded by ice that is usually abundant with sea mammals.
“And this time around, this summer, there were hardly any. And this became a suspicious thing,” he said.
Several reports were passed to the military, which sent a CP-140 Aurora patrol aircraft to investigate on Tuesday under the mandate of Operation Limpid, a domestic surveillance programme designed to “detect, deter, prevent, pre-empt and defeat threats aimed at Canada or Canadian interests”.
In a statement, Department of National Defence spokeswoman Ashley Lemire said: “The Canadian armed forces are aware of allegations of unusual sounds emanating from the seabed in the Fury and Hecla Strait in Nunavut. The air crew performed various multi-sensor searches in the area, including an acoustic search for 1.5 hours, without detecting any acoustic anomalies. The crew did not detect any surface or subsurface contacts.
“The crew did observe two pods of whales and six walruses in the area of interest.
“At this time the Department of National Defence does not intend to do any further investigations.”
That hasn’t stopped people from theorising about the source of the sounds, which have been variously attributed to the sonar surveys of local mining operations or to Greenpeace activists.
Sonar is used by mining companies to make detailed maps of the sea floor in their search for offshore oil and gas. The sonar is known to disturb marine mammals such as whales and dolphin.s
However, the Baffinland Iron Mines Corporation, which has conducted sonar surveys nearby, told CBC it has no equipment in the water at this time.
Others believe that Greenpeace is creating the sound on purpose to scare wildlife away from Inuit hunters – an allegation Greenpeace denies.
Mysterious sounds have a tendency to send people’s imaginations into overdrive. Earlier this year a high-pitched flute-like noise kept people in Portland, Oregon, awake. The steady whistling noise had also been heard by residents several decades previously.
Meanwhile in Ontario, a low rumbling sound known as the “Windsor Hum” has confounded residents for six years, with some describing it as like thunder or a subwoofer that can rattle windows.
The sound appears to come from an island surrounded by fences that’s home to a steel plant. The secrecy surrounding the plant has led to wild and unfounded speculation that the sound comes from an alien aircraft or from the construction of an underground tunnel by a billionaire.     

Thursday, May 5, 2016

Donie's Ireland daily news BLOG update

Irish revenue tax take €500m ahead of target

EXCHEQUER RETURNS SHOW A VAT SHORTFALL BUT REVENUE IS WELL AHEAD OF TARGET

     
The Irish State collected €14.04 billion in the first third of the year, €1.17 billion more than in 2015 and €475 million more than forecast by the Department of Finance.
Tax collection is running close to €500 million ahead of target this year but a VAT shortfall raises questions about the strength of consumer spending.
As political talks continue, exchequer returns from the Department of Finance point to relative strength in the public finances as a Fine Gael-led minority government prepares to take office.
Talks between Fine Gael and two groups of Independent TDs have intensified in an effort to have a new government in place by the weekend.
The Independent rural TDs and the Independent Alliance members are to be given a draft programme for government at a meeting today.
It is understood the Independents have secured concessions in the areas of health, agriculture and rural Ireland. The talks were continuing late last night.
Fine Gael sources insisted a vote for taoiseach could take place today but admitted it was more likely to take place tomorrow.
The exchequer returns will be encouraging for the new government in that the overall level of spending remains under control.
However, they also reflect the onset of pressure on the health budget, which signals potentially major problems for the incoming administration.
Year-on-year improvement.
The exchequer was in deficit by €1.055 billion at the end of April, a year-on-year improvement of €1.27 billion which was attributed to the increase in overall tax revenue.
The figures were released on same day as data showing the unemployment rate dropped in April to 8.4 per cent from 8.6 per cent in March.
The State collected €14.04 billion in the first third of the year, €1.17 billion more than last year and €475 million more than forecast by the department.
“April is not significant in terms of corporation tax receipts and is not a VAT due month . . . However, there were some significant one-off and timing factors, which have helped flatter the April tax position,” the department said.
Collections of Value Added Tax, the tax on sales, remain ahead of 2015 at €4.17 billion but the return was €161 million behind target for the first four months.
Corporation tax collections are running well ahead of profile. The €759 million out-turn in four months was €315 million or 70.8 per cent more than projected.
Income tax on target.
The collection of €6.1 billion in income tax in four months was on target, with a shortfall in earlier months recovered by a €158 million overperformance in April. The department cited “one-off payments” in April, but said the overall outturn was broadly consistent with recovery in the labour market and increased earning.
On the expenditure side, some €13.65 billion in net voted spending over four months was €89 million below target and €68 million lower than last year.
While 15 of the 16 government departments were on or under profile, health spending was €78 million ahead of target at the end of April.
This is generally seen to be a sign of a major deterioration in the health budget later this year, something that comes amid pressure on public pay and demands for additional spending in the political talks.
Total exchequer debt servicing costs in the first four months of the year reached €3 billion, down €81 million on the same period last year on foot of early IMF repayments.

Consumers now moving more to digital payments with financial services

A THIRD OF CONSUMERS WOULD LEAVE THEIR PROVIDER IF THEY DIDN’T OFFER UP TO DATE TECHNOLOGY, A NEW SURVEY FINDS

CONSUMERS ARE INCREASINGLY LOOKING FOR FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDERS THAT ARE EMBRACING TECHNOLOGY, TURNING TO DIGITAL AND MOBILE PAYMENTS, A NEW SURVEY HAS FOUND.

A new study, by Fujitsu, showed that more than a third of consumers would leave their provider if they didn’t offer more up to date technology, with 32% of those surveyed using mobile device payments and 22% using wearable technologies. Across Europe, on-line banking remains the most popular channel, with three quarters of customers using it once a week or more.
“Banks have no option but to embrace change,” said Anthony Duffy, senior banking technology consultant with Fujitsu UK and Ireland, noting how revenue at traditional banking institutions had fallen since the days before the economic crash.
“Doing banking as we have in the past 20 years isn’t going to be possible going forward,” said Mr Duffy. “The digital revolution has come along at the right time.”
Driving this adoption of technology is the smartphone, as people become more confident using the technology.
“People just started to recognise the convenience factor digital banking offered,” said Mr Duffy.
Banks themselves are also taking advantage of the shift, pushing people to use alternative channels such as smart ATMs and deposit machines in branches.
“Digital is transforming each and every aspect of society and this has irrevocably changed consumer behaviour. Today’s customers are no longer guarded and conventional,” said Francois Fleutiaux, Senior Vice President, Head of Country Leadership, EMEIA, Fujitsu. “Modern day consumers are ready and willing to embrace innovation when it makes interaction more convenient.”
Already in Ireland, there have been some “digital only” banks offering services to customers. But Mr Duffy said competition shouldn’t be new to Ireland’s traditional players, who are seeing supermarkets and other providers begin to offer insurance and other services to customers.
“If traditional banks want to stay in business they will have to compete and reinvent themselves,” he said.
Consumers are also more willing to buy extra services from their financial providers, the survey found, with a third open to buying energy for their home from their bank or insurer, while a similar number would also consider purchasing personal data storage from the institutions, and 30% would buy broadband.
That goes both ways though; with a fifth of consumers willing to buy their banking or insurance services from companies such as Google, Amazon or Facebook.
However, Irish people are still reluctant to move away from the established service providers. Traditional channels shouldn’t be written off either. On a Europe-wide basis, 34% of people said they visit their bank branch weekly, and 36% use phone banking, leading to the conclusion that digital is simply another way to communicate for consumers.
The survey questioned 7,000 consumers from across Europe.
About a fifth of those surveyed said they used cryptocurrencies, but that high figure was driven by Eastern European countries, where 44% said they used it.
Although much has been made of cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin in recent years, Mr Duffy said he didn’t think it would gain widespread adoption in the short term. Instead, the blockchain – the technology that underlies Bitcoin – could be more relevant as banks begin to look at the technology.
One area that looks set to evolve, however, is canticles payments as services such as Apple Pay and Samsung Pay allow people to use their phones and smartwatch to pay for goods and services.
“I think organisations like Apple and Samsung getting involved significant gives the mechanism a credibility,” he said.
However, the majority of contactless payment are still done through cards, especially in Ireland where Apple and Samsung have yet to launch their payment systems. The chief driver of adoption has been the lifting of the limit on transactions to €30, allowing contactless payments to be used for a wider range of transactions.

The ECB to stop issuing €500 note but will keep its legal status

THE €500 NOTE WAS NEVER ISSUED BY THE CENTRAL BANK IN IRELAND

  Going 

THE ECB HAS BEEN LOOKING TO GET RID OF THE €500 NOTE DUE TO CONCERNS THAT IT IS USED BY CRIMINALS AND MILITANTS TO FINANCE THEIR ACTIVITIES.

The European Central Bank will stop issuing €500 bank notes towards the end of 2018 on concerns it could facilitate illicit activities but outstanding bills will remain in use indefinitely, the ECB said in a statement yesterday.
“The €500 note will remain legal tender and can therefore continue to be used as a means of payment and store of value,” the bank said.
“The €500 banknote, like the other denominations of euro banknotes, will always retain its value and can be exchanged at the national central banks of the Eurosystem for an unlimited period of time.”
The ECB has been looking to get rid of the €500 note, despite the objections of Germany’s central bank, due to concerns that it is also used by criminals and militants to finance their activities. It is said a €1 million bundle of the notes weighs only about 2kg, a weight easily transportable across borders. The €500 note was never issued by the Central Bank in Ireland

Labrador dogs have an overeating gene problem?

A NEW STUDY SHOWS

   

A NEW STUDY SAYS AN OVEREATING GENE CAN EXPLAIN WHY SOME LABRADORS BECOME OBESE?

Labradors are often overweight because they have a gene linked to overeating, new research has suggested.
The most common breed of dog in the UK and the US, Labradors are more likely to become obese than others.
Scientists at the University of Cambridge have discovered that 23% of the loveable dogs have a variant of an obesity-related gene strongly associated with weight and appetite.
In a study published today in the journal Cell Metabolism, a team of researchers studied 310 pet and assistance dog Labradors to look for variants of three candidate obesity-related genes.
They also examined the dogs’ “food motivation” by asking owners about their animals’ relationship with food.
The researchers found that a variant of one gene in particular, known as POMC, was strongly associated with weight, obesity and appetite in Labradors and flat coat retrievers.
In both breeds, for each copy of the gene carried, the dog was on average 1.9kg heavier, an effect size particularly notable given the extent to which owners, rather than the dogs themselves, control the amount of food and exercise their dogs receive.
Lead author Dr Eleanor Raffan said: “This is a common genetic variant in Labradors and has a significant effect on those dogs that carry it, so it is likely that this helps explain why Labradors are more prone to being overweight in comparison to other breeds.
The gene affected is known to be important in regulating how the brain recognises hunger and the feeling of being full after a meal.
“People who live with Labradors often say they are obsessed by food, and that would fit with what we know about this genetic change,” says Dr Raffan.
The scientists even believe that understanding how the gene – which is also found in humans – works in dogs might help tackle the obesity crisis.
Professor Stephen O’Rahilly, Co-Director of the Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, says: “Common genetic variants affecting the POMC gene are associated with human body weight and there are even some rare obese people who lack a very similar part of the POMC gene to the one that is missing in the dogs.
“So further research in these obese Labradors may not only help the wellbeing of companion animals but also have important lessons for human health.”

Major breakthrough in laboratory grown human embryos

  

Scientists reported today they had grown human embryos in the lab for nearly two weeks, an unprecedented feat that promises advances in assisted reproduction, stem-cell therapies and the basic understanding of how human beings form.
Scientists reported today they had grown human embryos in the lab for nearly two weeks, an unprecedented feat that promises advances in assisted reproduction, stem-cell therapies and the basic understanding of how human beings form.
Besides opening a window onto the first steps in the creation of an individual, the findings in parallel studies may help explain early miscarriages and why in vitro fertilisation has such a high failure rate.
The research also showed for the first time that newly-forming human embryos can mature beyond a few days outside a mother’s womb, something that was previously thought to be impossible.
But the widely hailed results also set science on a collision course with national laws and ethical guidelines, experts cautioned.
Up to now, a so-called “14-day rule” which says that human embryos cannot be cultured in the lab for more than two weeks — has never been seriously challenged simply because no one had succeeded in keeping them alive that long.
In this case, the scientists destroyed the embryos to avoid breaching that limit. The findings were published in Nature and Nature Cell Biology.
Next to nothing is known about how the small, hollow bundle of cells called a blastocyst — emerging from a fertilised egg which attaches to the uterus, allowing an embryo to begin to take shape.
“This portion of human development” is called implantation and “was a complete black box,” said Ali Brivanlou, a professor at The Rockefeller University in New York, and the main architect of the Nature study.
Building on previous work with mice, Brivanlou and colleagues concocted a chemical soup and scaffolding to duplicate this process “in vitro”, or in a petri dish.
“We were able to create a system that properly recapitulates what happens during human implantation,” said Rockefeller scientist and lead author Alessia Deglincerti.
As hoped, the blastocyst grew, beginning to divide into the different types of cells that eventually give rise to a foetus and its placenta.
But unlike earlier experiments, in which growth has rarely continued beyond seven days, the embryos showed an unexpected ability to self-organise.
“Amazingly, at least up to the first 12 days, development occurred normally in our system in the complete absence of maternal input,” Brivanlou said in a statement.